Pulmonary Function Testing by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783319941592
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Chemoreceptors

Peripheral chemoreceptors, located in the carotid and aortic bodies, produce afferent responses to changes in PaCO2, PaO2, and pH (arterial hydrogen ion levels.) The carotid body is more sensitive to increases in PaCO2, decreases in PaO2, or decreases in pH, whereas the aortic body is less sensitive to PaCO2 and PaO2 and does not appear to monitor pH directly. In humans, aortic chemoreceptors appear to have a minimal role in control of ventilation.

Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla respond to changes in PaCO2 and arterial pH. In addition, skeletal muscle is also thought to have metaboreceptors, which are not typically described as chemoreceptors, but appear to be capable of detecting local changes in metabolites produced by anaerobic metabolism at the tissue level. Metaboreceptors are likely important in conditions such as strenuous exercise or heart failure, when tissue oxygen demand may exceed oxygen delivery.

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